Traditional metal building materials are mainly copper, iron, aluminum, and stainless steel. With the progress of society, people have higher and higher requirements for buildings, and they are more and more inclined to use higher-grade building materials. Titanium and its alloys have a series of excellent properties such as low density, high strength, good corrosion resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, no environmental pollution, and long service life. They can fully meet many performance requirements of building materials and are favored by modern architects. .
1.Surface treatment technology
With the improvement of people's aesthetic level, higher requirements have been put forward for the reflectivity and decoration of the surface of titanium building materials. In order to reduce the reflectivity of the surface of titanium building materials and prevent glare, people process the surface of titanium materials into fine uneven shapes. The following surface treatment processes are mainly used.
(1) Skin pass rolling method
In the last step of titanium rolling, the surface of the titanium is treated into a concave-convex shape with a rough-surface roller, so that the treated surface has a glossy feel and can reduce the reflectivity.
(2) Pickling method
Pickling is one of the main methods for surface brightening treatment of titanium and its alloy building materials. Different proportions of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid are used to melt the titanium surface and present a whiter tone.
(3) Composite method
The composite treatment process of "smooth rolling + pickling" is used to make the titanium surface reveal the inherent metallic color of titanium metal in the white color. This process is often used in large-scale buildings in recent years.
(4) Sandblasting method
The high-speed sand flow is used to impact the titanium surface and is sandblasted. The surface formed in this way has extremely fine unevenness, low gloss, and a gray tone.
(5) Anodizing coloring
In order to make the building appear colorful, the titanium surface needs to be anodized and colored. The color tone control of this surface is to use an anodizing device to pass DC or AC current. According to the increase in voltage, the titanium surface will appear in gold, red-purple, cyan-violet, purple, cyan, and yellow-green in sequence, making the entire building more attractive. Attentive and creative.
2. Application of titanium alloy building materials in construction in various countries
The main applications of titanium in the construction field include roofs, curtain walls, exterior walls, fascias, ceilings, harbor facilities, bridges, art sculptures, monuments, railings, etc. In some developed countries such as the United States and Japan, there are relatively mature technologies and Rich experience, while it is still in the development stage in our country.
(1) China
The most eye-catching use of titanium in Chinese construction is the dome of the National Center for the Performing Arts, which uses about 100 tons of titanium material with a thickness of 0.4mm. It can change colors with the light, showing people the infinite charm of titanium metal as a building material. In addition, titanium materials were also used in the 2008 Olympic Games "Bird's Nest", Hangzhou Grand Theater, and Hefei Grand Theater.
(2) Japan
Japan was the first country to use titanium in construction and is a leader in the use of titanium in building materials. Because Japan is an island country, buildings in coastal areas are severely corroded, and the excellent corrosion resistance of titanium can effectively solve this problem. Japan ranks first in the world in the number of buildings using titanium materials. Large buildings such as the Tokyo National Museum, International Exhibition and Convention Center, Kansai Airport, and Fukuoka large open-air sports venues all use titanium materials.
(3) Other countries (regions)
The Guggenheim Museum in Spain uses 0.3mm thick titanium plates with a dosage of 60t. It is strong and beautiful and has been rated as "the most beautiful museum on earth". The Abu Dhabi Airport in the United Arab Emirates, designed and expanded by Paris Airports Group, uses 800t of titanium for its structure. It is the first example in the world of using titanium as a building material in an airport. In addition, titanium materials are also used in buildings such as the British National Science Center and the California Studios Apartments in the United States.
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