In the field of metal cutting processing, the process system often vibrates, which brings many adverse effects to the processing process. The following will briefly introduce the causes, effects and solutions of vibration. Our company can provide a variety of high-quality metal products, such as Tungsten Heavy Alloy Fishing Weight, 6AL4V-ELI Titanium Alloy Bars, Zirconium Rod and Titanium Chromium Metal Sputter Target.
1. Causes of vibration
(1) Mechanical structures tend to vibrate at one or more resonant frequencies determined by geometry and material. Each resonant frequency corresponds to a "mode of vibration". Changes in force during machining will trigger self-induced vibrations at the natural frequency of the machine tool. When the vibration is triggered, it will continue through the force change, which will increase in magnitude unless the force change can be reduced. Changes in force during machining can depend on a variety of factors, and if nothing is done to reduce cutting forces, vibration will increase.
(2) The vibration of the tool during machining has always been a major problem. The vibration of the cutting tool is generated by the combined action of the variable deflection of the tool and the cutting force during the cutting process. There are many factors that lead to the vibration of the tool cutting process. The main process system including the tool is not rigid enough, resulting in low natural frequency. Cutting produces a sufficiently large external excitation force, the frequency of which is the same as the natural frequency of the process system, and then resonates.
2. Influence of vibration on processing quality
Modern industry has put forward higher and higher requirements for engineering quality, product precision, surface quality and reliability. The generation of vibration directly affects the machining accuracy and surface roughness; it makes the tool wear faster, and even causes chipping, which seriously reduces the quality of the tool. Life and vibration damage the cooperation between the various parts of the machine tool, reduce the accuracy, and in severe cases, the cutting process cannot be carried out. For example, in deep hole machining, vibration has almost become an inevitable problem; in slender rod turning, the relative vibration between the tool and the workpiece is also the main reason affecting the machining accuracy.
3. Measures to reduce vibration
① Reduce the cutting force to the minimum
②Enhance the static rigidity of the tool system or fixture and workpiece as much as possible
③Create another vibration inside the tool holder to disturb the vibration of the external cutting force, so as to eliminate the vibration of the tool.
