Titanium metal has the advantages of low density, high specific strength and good corrosion resistance. The use of titanium materials in automobiles can greatly reduce the weight of the body, reduce fuel consumption, improve the working efficiency of the engine, improve the environment and reduce noise. However, due to the high price, titanium alloys can only be used in luxury models and sports cars in the automotive industry, and are rarely used in ordinary cars. Therefore, the research and development of low-cost titanium alloys that meet the needs of the market is the key to promote its application in ordinary household cars. The development of new low-cost alloy systems and the use of new processing and preparation techniques are two important ways to reduce costs.
1. New low-cost titanium alloy system
Alloy design and improved processing characteristics using inexpensive alloying elements. my country has successfully developed two low-cost titanium alloys, namely Ti8LC and Ti12LC. In the composition design of low-cost titanium alloys for vehicles, the commonly used cheap alloy elements are Fe, Cr, Si, Al, etc. The emergence of industrial titanium materials has made automobile manufacturing a better choice. Multi-piece titanium alloy wheels have two-piece and three-piece types. Several parts of the hub are manufactured by forging and spinning processes, and then connected with titanium bolts. These products are light in weight, high in strength, and superior in performance, but they are expensive. At present, it is mainly used in various championship racing cars and high-end luxury cars.
2. New processing and preparation technology
The processing cost of titanium alloy materials accounts for more than 60% of the total cost in the production process. Therefore, in terms of cost reduction, how to reduce the processing cost of titanium alloys has become a key research direction. It is mainly divided into two aspects: one is to improve the traditional casting and forging process, and the other is to adopt powder metallurgy near-net shape technology. In the research and development of new forging technology, cold forging method is one of the high-quality methods. β titanium alloy has low deformation resistance at room temperature, good cutting and forming, and is a material that can be cold forged. However, β-titanium alloy also has some shortcomings. It is easy to produce uneven deformation during cold forging, and it is easy to adhere to the mold. Therefore, mass production of β-titanium alloy parts by cold forging technology still needs further exploration and development.
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